Arunachal Pradesh attained its statehood on 20th February 1987. It is situated in the North-Eastern part of India with 83743 sq. kms area and has a long international border with Bhutan to the west (160 km), China to the north and north-east (1,080 km) and Myanmar to the east (440 km). It stretches from snow-capped mountains in the north to the plains of Brahmaputra valley in the south. Arunachal is the largest state area-wise in the north-east region, even larger than Assam which is the most populous.
It is situated between latitude 26° 30' N and 29° 30 ' N and longitude 91° 30' E and 97° 30' E. Itanagar is the capital of Arunachal Pradesh and located at an altitude of 530 meters above MSL. It is named after Itafort meaning fort of bricks built in 14th century A.D.
No. of District = 16 & No. of DICs = 16
2) THE STATE AT A GLANCE:
SR. NO
1
Population of State(2001 Census)
1, 091, 117
Males
573, 951
Females
517, 166
2
Literate Persons
487, 796
3
Literacy Rate
54.74%
4
Sex Ratio
901 females to 1000 males
5
Member of Parliament
Rajya Sabha
1
Lok Sabha
2
16.4
6
Member of Legislative Assembly
60
7
Educational Institutions
University
1
Engineering Institute
1
Polytechnic
1
Industrial Training Institute
3
Forester Training School
1
Farmer's Training Centre
1
Horticulture & Forest College
1
Colleges
7
Higher Secondary Schools
68
High Schools
103
Middle Schools
329
Primary School
1280
Pre-Primary Schools
137
8
Major Health Centres
General Hospitals
3
District Hospitals
11
9
Places of Historical & Tourist Interest
Bhismaknagar, Malinithan, Parashuram Kund, Itanagar, Tawang Monastery, Namdapha Wild life Sanctury, Tippi Orchid Centre, Akashiganga.
Tawang, West Kameng, East Kameng, Papumpare, Lower Subansiri, Upper Subansiri, East Siang, West Siang, Upper Siang, Dibang Valley, Lower Dibang Valley, Lohit, Changlang, Tirap, Kurung Kumey, Anjaw.
Arunachal Pradesh has a rich tradition of Bamboo and Cane Handicrafts and also Wood Carving and Carpet Weaving. The products reflect the rich and varied culture of the tribes inhabiting this enchanting State and the products featured are representative of the wide range of Handicrafts produced in the State.
Handloom forms an integral part of the culture and tradition, which is reflected in the State’s apparels. Some of these are unique Handloom products in artists weaving and design. Most of the Women folk of the state have been engaged in Handloom sector treated as primary occupation. A wide variety of crafts such as weaving painting, pottery, smithy work, basketry, woodcarving etc. are found among the people of Arunachal Pradesh.
The Department of Textile & Handicraft(s) has been set-up to develop this sector to uplift the economic condition as well as to provide self employment opportunity to the Weaver and artisan of the State through various Development Schemes/Projects.
4) WOOD CARVING :
The unique, and artistic indigenous wood carving articles are available of Tirap, Upper & West Siang, Lohit and Tawang.
1.
It is practiced by very limited artisans / craftsman of the above mentioned districts, both passed out trainees from the Deptt. Craft center as well as traditional artisans.
2. The main raw-materials used are locally available wood.
3. Traditional Male and Female Wooden figure are depicted as main subject, warriors / head hunters are popular in Tirap District Wood Carving, originally such wood carvings were used to decorate “MORANG” (Youths Dormitory ) & modernized as decorative collection items where as different types of Wooden Musk and goddess figure are depicted as main subject considering the cultural & religious value, which are popular in the district of Upper and East Siang , Lohit & Tawang.
4. Being promoted through Govt. Craft Centres with provision for training. Passed out trainees are engaged as production worker in departmental promotional schemes.
5) TRADITIONAL ORNAMENTAL PRODUCTS :
Beads ornaments of various types are found in all over Arunachal Pradesh . However weaving or decorating small beads ornament are predominatory found in Tirap District. The unique beads ornaments and grass necklece products are mainly available in Tirap & Changlang districts which signify higher cultural and Traditional value.
1.
It is practiced by very limited artisans / craftsman of the above mentioned districts, both passed out trainees from the Deptt. Craft center as well as traditional artisans.
2. All type of ornaments viz. Necklace Wrist band, Waist band , Head gear, earring are made with beautiful geometrical pattern used both by male and female.
3. Being promoted through Govt. Craft Centres while provision for training and passed out trainees are engaged as production worker.
6) GRASS NECKLACE :
"GRASS NECKLACE" making practiced by female folk of Wangcho tribe of Tirap District. The main raw-material used in a kind of reed , grown near stream and river side during September to February. The skin of the reed is of golden colour when the plant is natured . This trade is a seasonal activities and not yet covered under Govt. programme except production scheme. A good demand exists for this items both in national and international market.
7) TRADITIONAL WANGCHO BAG :
Practiced by women folk of Wangcho tribe of Tirap District. Major raw material is cotton yarn and acrylic yarn purchased from market, combinedly wooven in a colourful geometrical pattern. It is popular for its durability, intricate design, colour and weave like carpet . The weavers are being engaged now to produce more of such items with modified design and different utility like ladies and gents waist coat , dress etc.
8) CANE & BAMBOO :
The traditional Cane Bamboo product are mainly available in the Districts of East Kameng. Papumpare, Changlang, Upper and Lower Subansiri, East and West Siang, Lohit and Dibang Valley which represents high premium on design, quality, local technology and focus cultural indentity. The famous cane cap & head gear are available for different tribe of the State. While carrying Basket, Marketing Basket, varieties of design & utility product viz. Cane chair, Cane Table, Cane Racks, Cane Cradle, Cane Murrah , Designer Cane Tray etc. available in different marketing outlet in the State as well as out side the State.
9) CARPET :
The carpet making is one of the important occupation in the districts of Tawang, West Kameng, Changlang, Upper Siang. The women folk are engaged in this trade. The Arunachal Pradesh’s carpet has been acclaimed to be of National & International repute by considering the quality of carpet weaving in different motive and design. The items produced are wall hanging , cushion pad, telephone pad, floor covering etc. These are being promoted through Govt. Craft Centre with provision for training. Passed out trainees are engaged as production worker in the industry.
10) PAINTING :
Tangkha painting in one of the most artistic craft, it is prevalent mainly in Buddhist dominated area like Tawang, West kameng, Upper Siang Districts. The motif of the painting is mostly religious subject along with traditional value.
11) HANDLOOM :
Arunachal Pradesh can be called store House of Handloom designs as its 20 major tribes and more then 100 sub-tribes has got unique and appealing Handloom designs. The products are , Skirt (Gale), Shirt (Galuk) , cotton shawl, side bag, curtain cloth etc, in different pricing pattern according to the quality, traditional value, motive and design.
12) BIODIVERSITY :
Arunachal Pradesh is situated between 26o28' and 29o30' North latitudes and 97o30' and 97o30' East Longitudes covering an area of 83743 sq. km. Bio-geographically it is situated fin the Eastern Himalayan province, the richest biogeographical province of the Himalayan zone. The entire territory forms a complex hill system with varying elevations ranging from 50m in the foot-hills and gradually ascending to about 7000m, traversed throughout by a number of rivers and rivulets.
Rainfall varies from 1000mm in higher reaches to 5750mm in the foot-hill areas, spread over 8-9 months excepting the drier days in winter . This diversity of topographical and climatic conditions has favoured the growth of luxuriant forests which are home to myriad plant and animal forms adding beauty to the landscape. Living in this incredible cradle of nature are the colourful and vibrant tribes of Arunachal Pradesh for whom the forests and the wildlife are of special significance.
Nature has been exceedingly kind and has endowed this beautiful State of Arunachal Pradesh with diverse forests and magnificent wildlife. The richness of life forms i.e. the flora & fauna that occur in these forests presents a panorama of biological diversity with over 5000 plants, about 85 terrestrial mammals, over 500 birds and a large number of butterflies, insects and reptiles. Such an unparalleled occurrence of life forms can be attributed to the peculiar location of the State which is at the junction of the Paleoarctic, indo-Chinese, and Indo-Malayan bio-geographic regions , Biotic elements from all these regions occur in this state making it very rich in floral & faunal resources.
The vegetation of Arunachal Pradesh falls under four broad climatic categories and can be classified in five broad forest types with a sixth type of secondary forests. These are tropical forests, sub tropical forests, pine forests, temperate forests and alpine forests. In the degraded forests bamboos and other grasses are of common occurrence.
Some important facts :
State Animal
Mithun (Bos Frontails)
State Bird
Hornbill
State Orchid
Rynchostylis Retusa
National Park
Two
Wildlife Sanctuaries
Eight
Orchid Sanctuary
One
13) MEDICINAL PLANTS :
There are over 500 species of medicinal plants reported so for from Arunachal Pradesh. They can not only cure our ailments but can also be potential source of economy to the state. It will open up avenues in cultivation, processing , packaging, marketing and industrial application. The medicinal plants are found through out the state. Some of them are much sought after by pharmaceutical companies. Quite obviously it is the rural people, particularly the unemployed woman and children, who would be benefited by these ventures.
The demand for medicinal plants are ever increasing as people are more and more fascinated towards herbals. Extraction from wild has its own problems and risks . We need to cultivate for larger production and authenticity. Cultivation will help in conservation of some of our medicinal herbs that are being pushed to the danger of extinction. Cultivation of medicinal plants are not only economical but are ecologically safer too.
13.1Cultivation :
We have different agroclimatic conditions available in the state depending up on the altitude. Practically any type of land available can be used to cultivate one or the other medicinal plant. Thus they are useful for jhum fallows, farm yards, forest lands, river banks, marshy areas, roadsides, farm yards, home gardens and the like. There could he some species suiting to these conditions . These plants in various combinations can be used to make multitier plantation.
13.2 Types of Medicinal Plants :
After identifying the land next step is the choice of species, depending on the altitude of the place it may either be species of low altitude or high altitude. In general it should be economically profitable. For optimum productivity it may be a farm of single species or preferably combinations of trees, shrubs, herbs and climbers. Fortunately we have a number of species to choose. Some of the most economical plants are Acorus, Andrographis , Aquilaria, Dioscorea, Oroxylum, Rauvolfia, Tinospora, Withania, etc in low altitudes. While for high altitudes it is Aconitum, Coptis, Gymnadaenia, Illicium, Panax, Picrorrhiza, Rubia, Taxus, etc.
These are described below :
Acorus calamus
Boch, Vacha, Vayambu -This perennial herb of marshy habitats is easy to cultivate through rhizome cuttings in tropical and sub-tropical zones. The tubers are traded as it is reputed as brain tonic, coolant and drug for colic. It has high demand in the market. Commercial production from 3rd year.
Andrographis Paniculate
Kalmegh, Chiraita teeta -This bitter annual herb has hepato protective propenties and is an anthelmentic and liver tonic. It is a blood purifier too . The whole plant is used . it is one of the high demand spcies propagated through seeds and ideal for open or partial shade localities in low altitudes. Crop ready in 4-6 months.
Aquilaria agallocha
Agar , Sasi, Indian eagle wood - This tropical deciduous tree is very valuable for its transformed wood which on distillation yield Agar oil which has high export value. Cultivation is through seed raised seedlings. Suitable for both open and partial shade. Artificial induction of agar in live trees is possible. Takes 8-20 years for agar development.
Dioscorea floribunda
Kham alu - This is a torpical climber with underground tubers and bulbils. The tubers yields diosgeninan alkalloid used in pharmaceuticals. Propagation is through pieces of tubers and bulbils. Farming of this species is profitable . Inter cropping is also possible. Production from first year.
Oroxylum indicum
Bhatghilla, Jigat - This deciduous tree is naturally seen in the secondary forests in the tropics. It is in high demand now a days for its bark used for tanning and as medicine for fever and many other ailments and as tonic. Propagation is through seeds. Bark ready, by 10 years, can be harvested sustainably through scientific methods.
Piper longum
Pipli, Piper brachystachyum, Pmullesua, P. peepuloides-Round Pipli - Climbers or Undershrubs . An important medicinal plants of Ayurveda . Fruits are collected and traded, for which excellent scope of marketing exist. Ieal for under planting and for partially shaded areas. Multiplication through suckers, stem cuttings and seeds . Harvest expected from 2nd to 4th year.
Rauvolfia serpentina
Sarpagandha - This perennial undershrub can be cultivated in the low altitudes in open as well as shady areas . The roots are reputed fro the treatment of blood pressure. Roots ready to harvest form second years onwards. Propagation through seeds and stem cuttings.
Tinaspora cordifolia
Amrit lata, Guduchi - This is a tropical climber which is used as a tonic and vitaliser . The stem is used for drug manufacture and traded. Ideal for multitier plantation. It has high demand. Propagated through stem cuttings.
Whithania somnifera
Aswagandha - A herbaceous perennial plant, reputed as Indian Ginseng and used for vitality and vigour . Can be cultivated in open and shady areas which are well drained and dry . The roots have great marketing potential. Propagation through seeds.
Aconitum ferox, Aconitum hetero-phyllum
Atish, Aconite - Perennial herbs of alpine and sub alpine habitats. Usually in open places. Roots used for medicine. Very good market prospects for the roots and tubers, Multiplication through seeds and tubers.
Coptis teeta
Mishmi teeta - This is a temperate herb found only in Arunachal Pradesh . It can be cultivated as under planting. Propagation is through seeds. The roots are sold for treatment of variety of diseases.
Gymnadaenia archidis
Panch hath , Salam pancha - This annual herbaceous orchid produce high value medicinal tubers which are general tonic. Ideal is open places in alpine localities Propagation through tubers.
Illicium griffuhii
Lissi - This is a high altitude tree valued for its fruits. The fruits are used as spice and medicine. Multiplication is through seeds and branch cuttings. Ideal for mixed plantations. Has good market potential ( Front cover photo) .
Panax sikkimensis, Panax spp.
Ginseng - Perennial herbs with tubers, Grows in temperate and sub temperate zones. Ideal for cultivation as under planting. The tubers are highly priced and has high demand. This is a rejuvenating general tonic. Propagation through seeds and tubers. Harvest by 4-8 years.
Picrorrhiza kurroa
Kutki - This is a stemless perennial herb of alpine habitats. It is in high demand for a variety of herbal medicines. Can be grown in open localities and grasslands. Propagation is through seeds and suckers. Much rate in nature. Rhizome ready by 4th year .
Rubia cordifolia
Manjista - This is a perennial climber with four leaves of each node. It yields orange/red dye. It is a high demand species in the medicinal plant market . Ideal for sub-tropical and temperatezones. Prefers shady localities but possible to grow in open too. Propagation through seeds . Crop ready for harvest by 3rd year
Taxus baccata
Yew - It is a temperate conifer tree. The leaves yields costly taxol. Ideal for cultivation in high altitudes as mixed planting and propagation is through seeds . Easier to multiply through stem cuttings. Has very high demand in market.
Some more medicinal plants under plantation in Arunachal Pradesh :
Medicinal plants can be cultivated through :
Direct seed sowing
Nursery raised seedlings
Stem cuttings
Root suckers
Tubers and bulbils using appropriate
Techniques. While planting we should ensure to
Use authentic planting materials
Keep adequate spacing
Provide shade as per requirement
Avoid over watering
Avoid excessive pesticides
Use minimum fertilizers The advantages Cultivation of medicinal plants ensure
Abundance and availability
Authenticity of raw material
Easy management and harvest
Economic sustainability and annual returns
Better land use and better health of people.
For Further information:
Write to
The Director,
State Forest Research Institute.
Van Vihar , PB No. 159,
Itanagar-791 111. Arunachal Pradesh
Tel. 0360- 203566 , Fax, 0360 - 203523.
E-mail : directorsfri@hotmail.com
14) SCOPE FOR ESTABLISHING INDUSTRIES :
RESOURCE BASED INDUSTRIES
SR. NO
Minerals
Location
District
Estimated Reserves (Million Ton)
1
Coal
Namchik-Nampuk
Changlang
84.23
2
Dolomite
Rupa Kaspi
West Kameng West Kameng
143.00 11.13
3
Limestone
Tidding Pangin Hunli Menga
Lohit East Siang Dibang Valley Upper Subansiri
140.00 225.00 13.35 0.70
4
Graphite
Bopi Khetabari Taliha
Lohit Dibang Valley Upper Subansiri
2.46 13.35 0.70
5
Marble
Tezu Dora Hunli Pyuli
Lohit Lohit Dibang Valley Dibang Valley
30.30 43.30 2.34 0.18
6
Ferro-Silicon Quartzite
Kalaktang
West Kameng
1.25
7
Oil & Gas
Kharsasng & Diyun
Changlang
Not Estimated
8
Lead & Zinc
Shergoan
West Kameng
Not Estimated
INDUSTRIAL ESTATE/AREA(SPACE)
District
Location
Area
Distance By Road from NH
Distance By Railway(Nearest)
EAST SIANG
NIGLOK- NGORLUNG
234.00 Hc.
4km
5Km
WEST KAMENG
TIPPI/BHALOKPONG
52.00 ACRE
25Km
12Km
DIBANG VALLEY
IDULI (ROING)
51.00 ACRE
3Km
150Km
CHANGLANG
BALINONG (MIAO)
50.00 ACRE
6Km
50Km
WEST SIANG
BAME
52.00 ACRE
0Km
125Km
15.THRUST AREAS FOR INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
The following sectors have been identified as thrust sector as they have maximum potential for development in the state. These sectors are as follows:
1. Industries based on agricultural, horticultural and plantation produce.
2. Industries based on non-timber forest produce: bamboo, cane (rattan), medicinal plants / herbs, aromatic grass, tea, coffee etc.
3. Industries based on locally available raw materials except timber.
4. Textiles (handlooms and power looms), Handicrafts and Sericulture
5. Electronics and IT based Enterprises.
6. Mineral Based Industries ( eg. Ferro-alloys, Cement Plant etc.)
7. Facilitation and Development of Industrial Infrastructure including Power, Communications etc. under Public Private Partnership (PPP)
8. Food Processing Industries.
9. Engineering and Allied Industries (Rolling Mill,Steel etc.)
10. Tourism (tourism infrastructure including resorts, hotels, restaurants etc.). (The thrust areas mentioned above will be reviewed periodically to include other sectors of industrial activities from time to time
16) INDUSTRIAL PROJECT FILES
Sample industrial profiles for information
Sl.No.
Industry Type
Suitable Location
Promotion Department
1
Bamboo board and Ply manufacturing unit
Bhalukpong, West Kameng District, Arunachal Pradesh,India
Department of Industries & Department of Environment & Forest, Govt.of Ar.Pradesh & National Mission on Bamboo Application a wing under the Ministry of Science & Technology,GoI
Puma, Papum Pare District, Arunachal Pradesh,India
- Do -
4
Modern Fruit Processing & Packaging Industries
Bhalukpong, West Kameng District, Arunachal Pradesh,India
Department of Industries & Department of Agriculture & Horticulture
5
Food Processing Industry
Bordumsa, Miao, Changlang District Arunachal Pradesh, India
Department of Industries & Agriculture Govt.of Ar.Pradesh
6
Modern Pharmaceutical Industries based on Medicinal Plants & Herbs
Industrial Growth Centre NIGLOK- NGORLUNG, Pasighat, , East Siang District Arunachal Pradesh,India
Department of Industries & State Medicinal Plants Board, State Forest Research Institutes, Govt.of Ar.Pradesh
7
Spices Manufacturing Unit
Industrial Growth Centre NIGLOK- NGORLUNG, Pasighat, , East Siang District Arunachal Pradesh,India
Department of Industries, Agriculture & Spice Board of India.
8
Mini Cement Plant
Banderdewa, Papum Pare District Arunachal Pradesh,India
Department of Geology and Mining & Industries, Govt.of Ar.Pradesh
9
Mini Cement Plant
Tezu, Lohit DistrictArunachal Pradesh,India
Department of Geology and Mining & Industries, Govt.of Ar.Pradesh
10
Thermo Mechanically Treated Steel Plant
Industrial Growth Centre NIGLOK- NGORLUNG, Pasighat, , East Siang District Arunachal Pradesh,India
Department of Industries, Govt.of Ar.Pradesh
Sample Projects Proposals :
1
Name of the Project
BAMBOO BOARD AND PLY MANUFACTURING UNIT Installed Capacity: 1,50,000.00 SQMT per Annum
2
Location within State/ Country
Bhalukpong, West Kameng District, Arunachal Pradesh,India
3
Nearest Rail, Road & Sea Connection
By Railway: from Bhalukpong :Rangapara, 20 Kms (Nearest Railway Station)By Road from Bhalukpong : Balipara-18 Kms - Tezpur 28Km –Guwahati-175kms
4
Estimated Capital Cost of the Project
Rs. 690.00Lacs (Approximately)
5
Capital Equipment
Rs. 450.00Lacs (Approximately)
6
Raw Materials
Bamboo: available abundantly around 82 species are found in Arunachal Pradesh
7
Environment Impact
If project cost is below Rs.1000.00 Lacs Environment Impact Assessment Consent from Ministry of Environment & Forest is not required.
8
Foreign Exchange Cost Component
Not applicable
9
Promotion Department
Department of Industries & Department of Environment & Forest, Govt.of Ar.Pradesh & National Mission on Bamboo Application a wing under the Ministry of Science & Technology,GoI
10
Method of Selection of the Private Promoter
On the basis of policy framed by the State Govt. and Govt. of India.
11
Policy framework applicable to the project
As per New Industrial Policies of the State Govt.
12
Time-frame for selection of private sector sponsor/ developer
As convenient to Private sector sponsor.
13
Government Incentives packages applicable to the project
All central Govt. incentives which comes under North-East Industrial Policy,1997, Tax Holidays, Price Preference, beside this special allotment of Power with low industrial power tariff rate among North-East State.
14
Expected level of Govt. participation
Co-ordination/monitoring in respect of implementation of the project. The Department assists in fulfilling the objectives of the project for the welfare of the state.
15
Expected return on Investment
25% in the first five years. It may increase afterwards substantially.
16
Recommended debt Equity Ratio
Bank Loan (60%) : Share Capital (40%):
Rs. 414.00 Lacs : 276.00 Lacs
17
Expected Source of Financing
a) North-Eastern Development Financial Corporation Ltd.
b) Small Industrial Development Bank of India
c) Arunachal Pradesh Industrial Development
& Financial Cooperation Ltd.
d) Industrial Development Bank of India, etc
18
Sovereign & Multilateral Guarantees
Private sector itself.
19
Feasibility Report
1
Name of the Project
BAMBOO BOARD AND PLY MANUFACTURING UNIT Installed Capacity: 1,50,000.00 SQMT per Annum
2
Location within State/ Country
Bhalukpong, West Kameng District, Arunachal Pradesh,India
3
Nearest Rail, Road & Sea Connection
By Railway: from Bhalukpong :Rangapara, 20 Kms (Nearest Railway Station)By Road from Bhalukpong : Balipara-18 Kms - Tezpur 28Km –Guwahati-175kms
4
Estimated Capital Cost of the Project
Rs. 690.00Lacs (Approximately)
5
Capital Equipment
Rs. 450.00Lacs (Approximately)
6
Raw Materials
Bamboo: available abundantly around 82 species are found in Arunachal Pradesh
7
Environment Impact
If project cost is below Rs.1000.00 Lacs Environment Impact Assessment Consent from Ministry of Environment & Forest is not required.
8
Foreign Exchange Cost Component
Not applicable
9
Promotion Department
Department of Industries & Department of Environment & Forest, Govt.of Ar.Pradesh & National Mission on Bamboo Application a wing under the Ministry of Science & Technology,GoI
10
Method of Selection of the Private Promoter
On the basis of policy framed by the State Govt. and Govt. of India.
11
Policy framework applicable to the project
As per New Industrial Policies of the State Govt.
12
Time-frame for selection of private sector sponsor/ developer
As convenient to Private sector sponsor.
13
Government Incentives packages applicable to the project
All central Govt. incentives which comes under North-East Industrial Policy,1997, Tax Holidays, Price Preference, beside this special allotment of Power with low industrial power tariff rate among North-East State.
14
Expected level of Govt. participation
Co-ordination/monitoring in respect of implementation of the project. The Department assists in fulfilling the objectives of the project for the welfare of the state.
15
Expected return on Investment
25% in the first five years. It may increase afterwards substantially.
16
Recommended debt Equity Ratio
Bank Loan (60%) : Share Capital (40%):
Rs. 414.00 Lacs : 276.00 Lacs
17
Expected Source of Financing
a) North-Eastern Development Financial Corporation Ltd.
b) Small Industrial Development Bank of India
c) Arunachal Pradesh Industrial Development
& Financial Cooperation Ltd.
d) Industrial Development Bank of India, etc